Cooling apparatus



; A.' SANG-Ez v 2,394,109

, Feb .w5, 194e.

COOLING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 1l, 1.940 2 SheetS-Sheel'. 1'

|98 les may Feb. 5, 1946. A; SANCHEZ' COOLING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 11,1940 2 sheets-sheet 2 INVQNTOR, ANDREW SANCHEZ Ura/@wey f Patented Feb.5, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT .oFricE COOLING MPARATUS AndrewSanchez, NewXorlghN. Y. Y

fApplicationSeptexnber 11, 1'94'0, SerialNof-356g'331 I1:4-fQlainrls-(Cl.6`21126,)

This, invention relates to cooling apparatus.

Especially ,in those installations -Where large chambers are toberefrigerated, or, -for instance,

connection with so-called -airoonditioning apparatus, -fthe circulationVof air past-'the cooling unit is 4of considerable #important-e. 'Theusual method followed hasbeerrto provide 'flow-producing .means suchaga-fan driven by an electric motor. In such cases, external energy-is'being 'introduced into the -refrigerating cycle and, of course, must beabsorbed and disposed of,with consequent reduction ofthe efficiencyofthe entire unit, since, in laddition -to'the refrigeration forWhichthe unit is provided, the total electrical energy input into themotor,whether dissipated as friction, motion or resistance `-heating,must vbe absorbed by the refrigerant. v

It is an objectof the invent-ionto -provide `appa,- ratu's in which,although circulation of air Vpast the refrigerating unit is induced bypower-d-riven means, the refrigerating efficiency Ais 1inno wayaffected', and, -in fact, may toa -degree 4be increased. A

For this purpose, as .apar-t ofthe cycle-between compressor, condenser,and evaporator, there is -introduced .means which Amay operate #tocontrol now of refrigerantl between compressor and evaporator, and whichlutilizes heat energy from zthe chamber for ,conversion `into kineticenergy of the air within the chamber. Such conversion, ofcourse, willresult in reduction of temperature of the refrigerant, makes therefrigerant capable further of absorbing heat .energy from the chamber,and thereby adds to the efliciency 4of the system. 'Thus therefrigerating -cycle is not affected in the sense that a greater `loadis imposed upon it, but the load itself is utilized for the purpose of.obtaining the necessary energy to Aeie'ct circulation.

The refrigerant, after it has `been compressed and condensed, is.drivento the evaporator under the pressure derived from the compressor.Generally it passes through an expansionivalve -from the high pressureof the condenser, to the low pressure ofthe return to the compressorthrough the evaporator. When vthe refrigerant passes throughthevexpansion valve, it receives a 'high velocity energy component, `Ifthis energy component be utilized, it will reduce the total Vheatcontent of :the refrigerant, and thus make the refrigerant capable vofabsorbing additional heat `units from the chamber of the refrigerator.

It is an .objectof the invention to provide appariils which utilizes thevelocity energy, present i171 L'Qfrigerant when it passes into coolingrelationship to the lcharriber to `be refrigerated-for drivingair-circulating means within fthe cham.- ber, in order to make therefrigerant merel-effective for'cooling-purposes.

rThe refigerantvpasses intothe l evaporator v-fand takes part i-n l'thelrefrigerating cycle by `'passing' `from vthe liquid state gto r'theygaseous state and then, as it-passes from'lthe evaporatortofthesuctionside ofthe compressor, it has f'further "in- Aherent .velocity energyIimposed upon it. At this stage of l'the refrigeratingA v`cycle, fit isl'possible again to `utilize Aheatenergy Vpresent in there- `frigerantto impart furtherkineticenergy to .the air within the refrigerator n'byfprodu-cing positive air -currents, and thus -further `to make v'the1re- -frigerant `more 4eiiectivefor cooling fthechamber.

It is anobvject-ofthe invention to provide :apparatus yin which :therefrigerant, .as it passes from the 'liquid state to `vthe Agaseousstate fwithin a refrigerating chamber, Vis'madelto giveup atleast apartof its velocity energy for the purpose .of

impartingvelocity-energy yto air Iwithinthechamber, and `to effect thiswithout any 'increase of the refrigerating iload lon the-evaporator;and, in fact, vat 'least Yto a degree, Jwith assistance fito thev-evaporator in` taking care of lthat Arefrige-rating load.

Apparatus of this charactermayfbe :made eiectivefor displacing devicessuch as the expansion `-valve since, 'by proper calibration of'certain-orilflces controlling 4Ith'e lflow of refrigerant to l.and

`from the evaporator iin ,conjunction with .the

energy-.converting devices, fthe :flow of 4refrigerant at the differentstages can tbe .coordinated and adjusted to obtain Athe requisitedifferential rternperature difference'between the refrigerant at iin,-4let to theevaporator'andrthe-,refrigerantat out-let -from theevaporator.

-Other objects `,of vthis inventionwill Ibe set forth hereinafter, orWill'be apparent from thedescription and the drawings, in .whichare-illustrated a number of 4embodiments of apparatus for carry- -i-ng outthe invention.

The invention, however, :is :not intended :to ``be restricted to anyparticular construction, or to any particular arrangement of parts, .orto any yparticular .application ,of any .-such construction,

.or any such arrangement of parts, or to anyspe cic methodvofoperationor to any ofthe various details thereof, even y'where,specificallyy shown and described herein, as the rsame may be modifiedin various particulars, vorfnjxay be applied 1in many varied relations,`without.departing-fmnithespirit and scope of the claimed invention,practical constructions embodying .certain details of ythe inventionbeiner illustrated and described, but only for the purpose of complyingwith the requirements of the statutes for the disclosure of an operativeembodiment, but without attempting to disclose all of the various formsand modifications in which the invention might be embodied.

On the drawings, in which the same reference characters refer to thesame parts throughout, and Vin which is disclosed such practicalconstructionsz.v

Fig. Y1 Tis adiagrammatic elevational view, illustrating an arrangementof refrigerating apparatus embodying features of the invention, thechamber being shown with certain of the parts broken away in crosssection;

Fig.` 2 is a vertical cross sectional view of the circulating device forthe apparatus of Fig. 1, certain of the parts being shown in elevationfor clarity;

Fig. 3 is an end elevational view on the line 3- 3 of Fig. 2,.theend-wall'being removed .and partsV crossed by the cross sectional linebeing shown hatched; Y

Fig. 4 is a. detail vertical cross sectional vie illustrating amodification of the assembly cn the main shaft of the circulatingdevice; and

Fig. 5 is a detail cross sectional view illustrating the disposition ofthe stator and rotor blades of the turbine, together with'the inletwall.

In Fig. 1, a refrigerating system S has been illustrateddiagrammaticallyv to include compressor C, condenser D, evaporator E,and circu-V lating device F. Also an expansion valve may be included inthe association. i

The :compressor may be of Aany desirable-construction, and preferably islocated externally of a chamber I8 to be cooled, within which chamberevaporator E and circulating device F are located. From outlet I2 fromthe compressor, a conduit I4 leadsto and is -connected into inlet I6 ofcondenserV D. This vcondenser may be of suchtype as may be necessary forgetting rid ofthe heat Y of compression of the refrigerant, and may ybecooled'in any desired manner so that, at its outlet I8, refrigerantymaybe delivered to a conduit 28 for discharge into inletf22 of*circulating device F, the refrigerant at this stage preferably beingsubstantially .in Aliquid state.

circulating device Fis capable of construction in a number ofdiiferentforms. One modification,'as shown in Fig. 2, is illustrated to include acasing 24dened by end walls 26 and 28, co-

operating with side walls 30. A partition 32 may dividecasing 24 into aplurality of compartments 34 and 36. The discharge of inlet 22 is intocompartment34. From outlet 38 from compartment 34, a conduit 4D 1eadsaway to Yinlet'42 to evaporator E. Outlet 44 from the evaporator, by 'aconduit 48, is connected to inlet 48 to compartment 3B. `Therefrigerant, after passing through compartment 36 and its outlet 58, isconducted by a` conduit 52 to inlet 54 of compressor C.

After the refrigerant in evaporator E has absorbed sulcient heat, theliquid refrigerantwill have .become substantially .'vaporized.V In anyevent, however, the liquid refrigerant,` as'it vaporizes', and with theadditional effect of reduced orator, intocompartment38 throughinlet 48.

Evaporator E may take the form of a plurality cfY coils,'or otherwisemay be' designed to utilize pre'ssurevfrom the suction of compressor C,will, 1n itself, be under apositive pressure gradient. be-

Vrefrigerant thus vaporizes, the evaporated rechamber, a space noteifectively cooled except by conduction, because it is out of the directpath of the circulating air. A baille Wall 56 may be provided inassociation with the evaporator to facilitate the air circulation. Alsoa downwardly and angularly directed wall 58 may be positioned further toaccentuate the circulation of air past evaporator E. Wall 58 mayterminate in a gutter tillv to collect condensate which may drip 01T thesurface of evaporator E. This is especially true where the evaporator isfor the conditioning. Y

Refrigerant Vdischarged from compartment 34 into the evaporator is thereeffective to Vabsorb heat Afrom air circulating., past the evaporator.This circulation may be accentuated by locating device F so that it willdrive air/reversely of the usual direction of circulation, so thatcoldairwill be blown across the .top of chamber I5, to, eliminate to 'agreat extent any possible dead space at this part of the chamber. Baiilewall 82 may cooperate with circulating device F for the purpose ofguiding air to fan 64 which may be mounted at the opening between wall62 and the top edge of baille wall 5S to facilitate this aircirculation.

Motor vldriving compressor C, mayderive its purpose of airpower frommains 68. One of the mains may be connected to the motor through athermostatic unit 101m the chamber to be cooled. A control device 12 maybe arranged on conduit I4 to be governed by the temperature of Vthatconduit.

If the compressor, as it pumps refrigerant into the condenser, shouldcommence to receive refrigerant in liquid lstate from the evaporator,and to p ump it into the condenser, the temperature of conduit I4willdrop, and suitably related means will'break the circuit for motor 66or, as shownv in Fig. 1, cutoff the flow of refrigerant from thecondenser to the evaporator until such time as static unit "I8, whilethe other point is connected to a solenoid 82, the other terminal ofwhich may be connected directly to the other main 6B. Solenoid 82, whenenergized, opens a valve 84 in con duit 2B leading from condenser D.'I'hus when slugs of refrigerant are being pumped by the compressorthrough conduit I4 and the temperature in that conduit drops, thecircuit at'points 80 will be opened, and valve 84 will close to preventthe passage of any further refrigerant to the evaporator, and. thustoprevent Vthe return to the compressor of any further liquid refrigerant.

The compressor, however,will continue to run as long as thermostaticvunit 'I8 is Yeifective to maintain the circuit of motor 66 closed.Compression in conduit I4, as the compressor takes refrigerant from theYevaporator E and circulating device F, will nally raise the temperatureofY conduit I4 sufficiently to yliberate it yof the slugs,

and normal .circulation will commence when :bel-

condenser D, .af-ter passing valve 84, `rises through 4conduit. 20 toinlet 2:2. The refrigerant, at this stage, 'has been substantiallyliquefied. As shown :in Fig. `3, the discharge from vinlet 22 Withincirculating device -F may be through .a ,nozzle 86 which may be held inthe walls of casing 24 to prevent escape of any refrigerant, and may be.directed angularly so that the liquid .refrigerant dischargingtherefrom wlllrirn'pinge. upon :an impeller wheel 88 lwit-hin`compartment 31|. Nozzle 8.6 may comprise a removable thimble 9:I, sothat 'thimhles with diiferent .orifices y93 may be prolvided inaccordance `With the refrigerating load. Thus nozzle 86 .may be made ktofunction .as an .expansion valve. mpeller wheel 88 :may take any.desired form; it is shown as having cups 90 formed or .afxed in itsperiphery and so `aligned with nozzle 81S that liquidv discharged fromnozzle 86 will impact .with the maximum .of action and reaction againstthe cups, .and thereby function to turn wheel '88.

yCasing 24 may tbe made Vup [from a pair of secations 92 yand 94- Endfaces of sections 92 and '94 may be secured on opposite sides ofpartition 32 :so that the side Walls of the 'sections will uniformly.define side walls for lthe casing, edges .of the partition Aextendingbeyond walls 30. End Vwalls 26 and 28 are secured at the opposite endsofl the casing 24 :thus formed, and to the free end .-faces vof the sideWalls 30 `of :the casing. Soldering or similar .methods maybe used tomake gas-.tight and liquid-tight seals, and also to lavoid `corrosionarising from the action of the refrigerant. Walls 26 and 28 .likewisemay extend beyond walls 30,

and provide means ifor resting device F upon' cro-ss members 98 inchamber I0s immediately above evaporator and secured to side -wall V8.8A i ofthe chamber. `A vertical hanger |00, secured to the top vwall ofthe chamber or' to baffle wall '62, completes the support vnecessary,for evaporator E and device F.

In the form of device F shown in Fig, 2, -wheel l88 is iixed upon ashaft |02, which is mounted within casing 24 and is extended into.compartment 34. Liquid discharged against wheel 88 by nozzle 86, andafter .serving to rotate shaft |02, leaves cups S0 and dischargesthrough outlet 438 at the lower portion of compartment 34 into inlet 42.

Shaft |02 is tubular, having the form of a sleeve |04, upon which wheel88 `and turbine blades AI0I are xedly mounted. Sleeve |04, by means of aplurality of ball bearings |08, is permitted to rotate upon av rod I I0,preferably of magnetic material, that is, soft iron or the like. Thisrod may constitute a brace lfor end walls 2E and 28 of the casingthrough which it extends. Its .extensions are sealed to prevent escapefrom thel casing .of refrigerant, whether in liquid or gaseous state.Brace rods I2 may extend through the edge portions of end walls 26 and28- and partition i32,

A plate I I3 is iixedly secured to sleeve |04 immediately adjacent endwall 28 so as to have secured to it a permanent magnet |I4. This magnet,as well as its complementary magnet H6, maybe of cast metal such as isnow known as the Alnico magnet. Each magnet may be one piece, and

fhavepa plurality .of amc-slitl comprising poles for the magnet, andboth magnets ,are preferably substantially identical in design andformation. Magnet |I4- has its face |20 positioned as closely adjacent`end wall 28 within the .chamber of casing 24. .as :possible withoutinterfering with its rotation.

Rod I I0 extends .outside of the casing through @end Wall 28, .and has`Va 4bea-ring section |22 mounted .on the extending end |24 which mayinclude a ball bearing race. .Secured flxedly'with rbearing `section |22may 'be a plate |23 to which is secured permanent magnet I |6 which`serves as a .complement of magnet ||4, xfree to Arotate on extendingend |24, .has .fan blades i216 .of fan y6.4; .secured thereto inaddition to magnet H6. An end collar |28 secured .on -rod I|0 serves toprevent separation of section :|22 fromy the rod.

Sleeve |104, which extends, in Fig. 2, into compartment 38, also extendsthrough a plurality of .disks |30 which are assembled in xed relation tocompartment `3,6 and to each other by engagement With suitableformations on side Wall v30, and are.- .anchored in position to .denedistinct stages |32. Within each stage is positioned a turbine blade|05. A bushing |33 is secured to partition 32 byany suitable means suchas solder.- ing, and provides additional support for sleeve |04, .andalso serves to. cut ,down leakage between vthe compartments. A bailleplate |34 may. be

.secured to sleeve |04 to be spaced from partition 32 but to beimmediately adjacent an inlet wall |35 having orifices |31 to directjets of gaseous refrigerant at the iirst 'turbine blade |06, Plate V|34serves to reduce leakage past the crevice between wall I|35 and .sleeve|04 by making it necessary for the gases to pass outwardly towardsorifices |31. First, Aimfpeller wheel 88 is fixed Ion the end. of sleeve|04, and the section of casing 92 between partition 32 `and end wall 2|is made 'Bushing |33 is simultaneously located. Now bafe plate |34frnaybe secured in place on sleeve |08. The additional section l9.4 of casing24 4is brought into and secured in position, but end wall 28 is not asyet assembled. A spacer ring I 38 is slipped down along Sleeve |04 intoabutment with plate |34, land a spacer ring |38 is slipped Withinsection 94 linto abutment with partition 32, Ring |38 has an opening tocoincide with the opening from inlet `48. -Inlet wall |35 is now locatedvin abutment with ring |38, and is secured in position.

A turbine blade |06 is now slipped along sleeve |-04 into abutment withring |38. rBladev |06 fits snugly `against the sleeve,'and may be sealedthereto by means such as soldering. At its outer periphery the blade isrelieved sufficiently to permit of its free 4rotation within a ring |39which is slipped into the casing and into abutment with inlet wall |35already positioned. A disk |30 is nowvdropped into place. It will 'bevnoted that, .at its outer periphery, disk |30 fits tightly into the.casing .against .the outer walls, at which point the seal can becompleted by such .means .as soldering. .At the .central portion thedisk is .relie-ved sucentl'y not .to bind against the sleeve Aas itrotates. .Now ranother blade |88 may `be moved into position in abutmentwith ring` |36, and this :assembly A,of blades, disks, .and ringsrepeated -unt-il the last .blade is mounted. Then magnet IU. is securedposition on sleeve |04, end `wall '28 is secured iin position so .thatits hub engages ,bearing |08 which thus acts as la Section. |22,

thrust bearing, andl section |2 2 with its fan blades are assembled inposition. i

Each blade |06'may be made as a stamping or otherwise to dene turbinefins |40 to cooperate with stationary turbine ns |42 on stationary disks|30.

The fins in the respective ,blades and disks are se directed that, asthe gases pass `through the several stages from inlet to `outlet,'apositive cooperation between the gases passing fins |42 into co-actionwith ns |40 will be produced so Athat the impulse and reaction of'- theexpanding kinetic gases will cause blades |06 to rotate. After the gaseshave passed through the several stages ofthe turbine, they The coupling,and the load upon blades |26, are such that the Vvariations in speed ofmagnet ||4 under the action of wheel 88 and blades |05 will result insynchronizing the motion of magnet I I6.

l At the same time, the load placed on sleeve |04,

because of the coupling between the magnets,

will'cause throttling of liquid and gases passingV through device F, andthus, to a considerable degree, device F will comprise controlling meansfor'the movement of the refrigerant through the evaporator. v e pansionvalve as the liquid refrigerant passes through this control means.rUnder the control of nozzle 85 and of turbine bladesV |06 andfwheel 88,as refrigerant is utilized at the evaporator,

greater demandsrwill be placed upon 'the compressor and the condenser,and 'greater volumes of liquid will be passed from the condenser pastAlso device F functions as an exthe nozzle into the evaporator, and thenthe gases will flow fromrthe evaporator through the circulating deviceand back to the compressor, and

Vat ally times under the restraining action of the circulating device F.To a degree, therefore, de-

vice F can be considered to replace an expansion valve. f

i The result is that both the kinetic energy of the Y expanding gases aswell as the kinetic energy of the liquid refrigerant' moving into theevapo-v rator are utilized forrotating shaft |02. Thus energy present inthe liquid refrigerant and in the gaseous refrigerant is utilized forthe purpose that device F does not add to or subtract from therefrigerating efficiency of evaporator E and the condenser-compressorcombination. Atk the same time, it does increase the refrigeratingefflciency since stagnation is prevented as the air is'rapidlycirculated past the evaporator and Ythe circulating device, while theapparatus does not have to account for Athe energy input of'a fan drivenby an electric motor which, bythe heat'units added to the chamber,reduces the eiciency of the evaporator. l

In the construction shown in Fig. 4, a nozzle similar to nozzle 86discharges against a wheel |45, similar to Vwheel l38, in a rcompartment|48 of a casing |50. Also, stationary turbine blades- |52 cooperate withrotary turbine blades |54 to drive a shaft |55. A suitable bushing |58in partition |50, which with end wall |62 serves to A define compartment|48, acts as one bearing for the shaft.A Bushing |58 serves to seal offcom-VV Y of driving the fan. This energy'is derived from i the heat ofthe substances toV be refrigerated so pertinent |48 from compartment|63and to reduce to a minimum'leakage between the com- 'sleeve |66 isthen adapted, by suitable means such as set-screws |68, to be xed inrelation to shaft |56 and abutting against wall |65. After the assemblyof the wheel and the turbine blades, inthe same manner as previouslyydescribed but now upon sleeve |56, an end thrust bearing |10 may besecured on the shaft for engagement against a sleeve I 12 which is fixedin and extend through end wall |14. l Y

Shaft |56 may extend beyond end wall |14 into a sealing device |16, thespecific structure oflwhich need'not be defined here. It may include abellows |18 in conjunction with a sealing collar |8| snugly fittingaround the extending end of sleeve |12 to prevent the escape of therefrigerant in the gaseous state through the opening in the endwall andaround shaft |55. The blades of fan |19 may be secured on theextending'end |80 of the shaft so that, as the shaft is rotated, the airin immediate adjacenoy to the evaporator and the circulating device willbe placed in positive motion. v f

It is to be understood that device F may have a construction in whichimpulse for the fan is derived only from the liquid impact against the'imp'eller wheel, or Yonly from theaction of the gases on the turbineblades.

Many other changes could be effected in the particular apparatusdesigned, and' in the methods of operation set forth, and in specicdetails thereof, Vwithout substantially departing from the inventiondened in the claims, the specific description being merely'of operativeembodiments capable of illustrating certain principles Vof theinvention.

What is claimed as new and useful is:

1. In apparatus for cooling a compartment, means within the compartmentfor absorbing heat from the air in the compartment, means for supplyingrefrigerant to the heat-absorbing means, means for circulating air inthe compartment and means driven by the refrigerant being supplied tothe heat-absorbingV means and by spent refrigerant from theheat-absorbing means for driving the circulating means.

2. In apparatus for cooling a compartment, means within the compartmentfor absorbing heat from theV air in the compartment, means for supplyingrefrigerant to the Vheat-absorbing means, means for withdrawingrefrigerant from the heat-absorbing means, means for circulating air inthe compartment, and means driven by rerigerant discharging from thesupplying means and by refrigerant being discharged into Y thewithdrawing means vfor driving the circulating means.l

3. In apparatus for coolingk a compartment', means within thecompartment Vfor absorbing heat from the air in the compartment, meansfor supplying refrigerant to the heat-absorbing means, means forwithdrawing refrigerant discharged from the heat-absorbing means, meansfor cir- Y culating air in the compartment, and means in the compartmentvdriven by refrigerant being discharged thrcugh the withdrawing meansfor driving'the circulating means, the circulating` means and the drivenmeans being disposed to move the circulated air directly over thewithdrawing' means'.

4. An" evaporator for a-refrigerating system asagioa utilizing liquidrefrigerant, the evaporator having an inlet for: the liquid refrigerant,means. disposed immediately above and connected .to the. inlet forcontrolling the flowaof refrigerant to they evaporator, the controllingmeans. including an impeller wheel driven by the refrigerant flowing.into the evaporator'through said inlet, and means coi-1-V pled to .theimpeller wheel for moving air past the evaporator in. accordance withthe controlled flow of liquidrefrigerant to the evapo rator.

5. An evaporator for a refrigerating system utilizing liquidrefrigerant, the evaporator having an inlet and an outlet for therefrigerant, means disposed immediately above and connected to the inletand to the outlet for controlling the flow of refrigerant to and fromthe evaporator, the controlling means including an impeller wheel drivenby the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator through said inlet, andmeans coupled to the impeller wheel for moving air past the evaporatorin accordance with the controlled flow of liquid refrigerant to theevaporator.

l6. An evaporator for a refrigerating system uti.. lizing liquidrefrigerant, the evaporator having an inlet and an outlet for therefrigerant, means disposed immediately above and connected to the inletand to the outlet for controlling the flow of refrigerant to and fromthe evaporator, the controlling means including impulse members drivenby the refrigerant owing into and out of the evaporator through saidinlet and outlet, and means coupled to the impulse members for movingair past the evaportor in accordance with the controlled flow ofrefrigerant.

'7. An evaporator for a refrigerating system utilizing liquidrefrigerant, the evaporator havingr an outlet at its upper portion forthe refrigerant, means disposed immediately above and connected to theoutlet for controlling the flow of refrigerant to and from theevaporator, the controlling means including impulse members driven bythe refrigerant flowing out of the evaporator through said outlet, andmeans coupled to the impulse members for moving air past the evaporatorin accordance with the controlled flow of refrigerant.

8. An evaporator for producing coolingin an enclosure by utilizingliquid refrigerant, the evaporator including means for retaining liquidrefrigerant in heat exchange relationship to the air of the enclosure,the retaining means having an inlet for the liquid refrigerant, meansconnected to the inlet for controlling the flow of refrigerant to theretaining means, the controlling means including means driven by therefrigerant flowing into the retaining means through said inlet, andmeans energized by the driven means for moving air past the retainingmeans in accordance with the controlled flow of refrigerant.

9. An evaporator for producing cooling in an enclosure by utilizingliquid refrigerant, the evaporator consisting of means for retainingliquid refrigerant in heat exchange relationship to the air of theenclosure, the retaining means having an inlet for the liquidrefrigerant, means connected to the inlet for controlling the flow ofrefrigerant to the retaining means, the controlling means being in heatexchange relationship to the air of the enclosure and including meansdriven by the refrigerant flowing into the retaining means through saidinlet, and means energized by the driven means for moving air past theretaining means in accordance with the controlled flow of refrigerant.

10. An evaporator forproducingfcooling in. an

enclosure. by utilizing liquid.` refrigerant, theevap.-

orator consisting ofv means for retaining liquid refrigerant andmeans`for controlling the flow of refrigerant, relative to .the retainingmeans,l both the retaining means; and the controlling means being inheat exchange relationship tothe air ofl the. enclosure, andcommunicating means between theV controlling Vmeans and the retainingmeans, the controlling means including-means for driv.- ing air .pastthe retaining means..

11. An evaporator for producing cooling in an` enclosure by utilizingliquid refrigerant, the evaporator consisting of means for retainingliquid refrigerant and means for controlling the flow of refrigerantrelative to the retaining means, both the retaining means and thecontrolling means being in heat exchange relationship to the air of theenclosure, means for moving air past the retaining means, andcommunicating means between the controlling means and the retainingmeans, the controlling means including a casing of heat-conductingmaterial, the casing being divided into a plurality of compartments andcomprising a housing, driven means. within the housing, the driven meanscomprising means for actuating the air-moving means, the driven meansincluding an impeller wheel Within one of the compartments.

12. An evaporator for producing cooling in an enclosure by utilizingliquid refrigerant, the evaporator consisting of means for retainingliquid Yrefrigerant and means for controlling the flow of refrigerantrelative to the retaining means, both the retaining means and thecontrolling means being in heat exchange relationship to the air of theenclosure, means for moving air past the retaining means, andcommunicating means between the controlling means and the retainingmeans, the controlling means including a casing of heat-conductingmaterial, the casing being divided into a plurality of compartments andcomprising a housing, driven means within the housing, the driven meanscomprising means for actuating the air-moving means, one of thecompartments being connected by the communicating means with the inletto the retaining means, the driven means including an impeller wheelwithin said compartment.

13. An evaporator for producing cooling in an enclosure by utilizingliquid refrigerant, the evaporator consisting of means for retainingliquid refrigerant and means for controlling the flow of refrigerantrelative to the retaining lmeans, both the retaining means and thecontrolling means being in heat exchange relationship to the air of theenclosure, means for moving air past the retaining means, andcommunicating means between the controlling means and the retainingmeans, the controlling means including a casing of heat-conductingmaterial, the casing being divided into a plurality of compartmentsV andcomprising a housing, driven means Within` the housing, the driven meanscomprising means for actuating the air-moving means, one of thecompartments being connected by the communicating means with the inletto the retaining refrigerant andlmeans for'controlling-the owof'refrigerant relative to the retainingV means, both vthe retainingmeansA and the controlling means being in heatrexchange relationship toVtlneair oi the enclosure, means for moving air Y 5 Y past .theretaining means,v and communicating means between the controlling meansand the retaining means, the controlling means including 'a casingrofheat-conducting material, the casingjbeing vdivided into a plurality ofcompartmentsl and comprising a, housing, driven Vmeanswithin thehousing, the driven means comprisingA means forA actuating theair-*moving meansgone, of the compartments being connected by thecom Amunicating vmeans with `the inlet'- to the retaining means and certainof they compartments being f connected with theoutlet from. theretaining.

means, the driven means including an Vimpeller Wheel within thecompartment communicating with vthe inlet to the retaining means and agas.

1o' turbine within the vother compartments. Y o

f ANDREW SNCHEZ.V Y

